02107nas a2200157   4500008004100000022001400041245007700055210006900132300000700201490000700208520162400215100002001839700002301859700001901882856004801901       2017                        eng d  a1439-057400aField preference of Greylag geese Anser anser during the breeding season0 aField preference of Greylag geese Anser anser during the breedin  a280 v633 a<p>Few studies address food preference of geese on agricultural land (utilization related to availability) and only a handful so for the breeding season. We studied Greylag geese Anser anser during the breeding season in an intensively farmed area in southern Sweden. Few of 22 available field types were truly preferred. Pastureland was the most consistently preferred, by goslings (with parents) as well as by non-breeders. In some sampling periods, goslings also preferred grazed hay, ley, and carrot fields. Non-breeders exploited a greater variety of crops/fields, feeding also on barley, fallow, grazed hay, lettuce, oats, potatoes, and carrots. Most of these crops were preferred on at least one sampling occasion, except for fallow, grazed hay, and wheat, which were always used less than expected from availability. GLMs revealed that goslings rested more than they fed and preferred shorter vegetation before higher. Moreover, goslings occurred in higher densities in younger age classes than in older and preferred nearshore areas. In contrast, density of non-breeders was only related to field type and sampling occasion (higher densities as the season progressed). The maximum number of broods observed (106) implies a breeding success of 34{%} based on 311 active nests earlier in the season. Brood size decreased from 3.5 to 2.1 during the study period. Our study shows that goose management during the breeding season should consider goslings and their parents separately from non-breeders, and it implies little potential conflict between Greylag geese and agriculture during the breeding period.</p>
1 aOlsson, Camilla1 aGunnarsson, Gunnar1 aElmberg, Johan  uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10344-017-1086-501917nas a2200277   4500008004100000022001400041245009800055210006900153300001200222490000700234520110900241100002601350700001901376700001901395700001601414700001801430700001601448700001801464700001401482700001601496700001901512700002001531700002101551700001901572856004801591       2004                        eng d  a1439-057400aDo Canada geese (Branta canadensis Linnaeus, 1758) carry infectious agents for birds and man?0 aDo Canada geese Branta canadensis Linnaeus 1758 carry infectious  a78–840 v503 a<p>Currently, large groups of Canada geese (Branta canadensis Linnaeus, 1758) aggregate in recreational areas of north-western Germany. Questions have arisen as to whether these birds represent a special risk factor as a source of zoonotic agents for humans and as a source of viruses, causing notifiable or reportable diseases, for domestic poultry and waterfowl. To answer these questions, a total of 289 eggs were collected in 2002 and 2003 on a recreation site and assayed. Chlamydia psittaci was not isolated and neither was chlamydial antigen detected by polymerase chain reaction. All virus-isolation attempts were unsuccessful. Neither Salmonella spp. nor Campylobacter spp. was isolated from embryonic tissues, chorioallantoic membranes or yolk-sac membranes. The presence of antibodies against Newcastle disease virus and influenza A virus (haemagglutinin subtypes H5 and H7) was demonstrated in egg yolk. Antibodies were also detected against the egg-drop syndrome 1976 and duck plague viruses. It is concluded that further surveillance studies are needed for a reliable risk assessment.</p>
1 aBönner, Brigitte, M.1 aLutz, Walburga1 aJäger, Sabine1 aRedmann, T.1 aReinhardt, B.1 aReichel, U.1 aKrajewski, V.1 aWeiss, R.1 aWissing, J.1 aKnickmeier, W.1 aGerlich, W., H.1 aWend, Ulrike, C.1 aKaleta, E., F.  uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10344-004-0044-1